Corporate social responsibility british airports plc Essay

Corporate social responsibility british airports plc - Essay Example Seeing the potential of the project BAPLC share holders seek long term benefits and have also accepted that the approach for development should meet the need for corporate social responsibility. (CSR). Over the years the concept of CSR has graduated from that of philanthropy to greater involvement of corporate in communities and now is considered as a corporate-community partnership for sustained growth and development. This has also been institutionalised internationally through the Global Compact and in the European Union through the White Paper on CSR. CSR has thus emerged as a universally accepted norm of social responsibility for corporate. It has a number of components which are discussed in succeeding paragraphs. Universalisation of the principles of CSR and corporate governance crystallized during the World Economic Forum on 31 January 1999, when the United Nation's Secretary-General Kofi Annan asked business leaders to join the international initiative led by the UN known as the Global Compact. This was slated to bring together the companies, UN agencies, labor and civil society to support universal principles with reference to environmental and social issues. Formal launching of the Global Compact took place in New York on 26 July 2000. ... These principles are as given below:- (a) Businesses should support and respect the protection of internationally proclaimed human rights within their sphere of influence; (b) Business should make sure they are not complicit in human rights abuses. (c) Businesses should uphold the freedom of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining (d) Businesses should uphold the elimination of all forms of forced and compulsory labour (e) Businesses should uphold the effective abolition of child labour. (f) Businesses should uphold the elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation. (g) Businesses should support a precautionary approach to environmental challenges. (h) Businesses should undertake initiatives to promote greater environmental responsibility (i) Businesses should encourage the development and diffusion of environmentally friendly technologies (j) Businesses should work against corruption in all its forms, including extortion and bribery. (Unglobal : 2006) The underlying principle of corporate governance related CSR is that the companies should undertake additional social responsibilities voluntarily which go beyond the regulatory frame work for good conduct of business and relate to the issues of social development, environmental protection, respect for fundamental rights of employees as well as the local population and adopt a policy of open governance. Thus society is an important stake holder in the company. This approach provides a unique opportunity for dialogue and management of change particularly in the present setting where BAPLC is establishing a new project in an area where local resistance is anticipated. The concept has support

MidTerm Study Guide Essay Example for Free

MidTerm Study Guide Essay The Midterm Exam is open book, open notes. The maximum time you can spend in the exam is 3 hours. If you have not clicked the Submit For Grade button by then, you will be automatically exited from the exam. In the Midterm Exam environment, the Windows clipboard is disabled, so you will not be able to copy exam questions or answers to or from other applications. 2. You should click the Save Answers button in the exam frequently. This helps prevent connection timeouts that might occur with certain Internet Service Providers, and also minimizes lost answers in the event of connection problems. If your Internet connection does break, when you reconnect, you will normally be able to get back into your Midterm Exam without any trouble. Remember, though, that the exam timer continues to run while students are disconnected, so students should try to re-login as quickly as possible. The Help Desk cannot grant any student additional time on the exam. 3. See the Syllabus Due Dates for Assignments Exams for due date information. 4. Reminders You will only be able to enter your online Midterm Exam one time. Click the Save Answers button often. If you lose your Internet connection during your Midterm Exam, logon again and try to access it. If you are unable to enter the Midterm Exam, first contact the Help Desk and then your instructor. You will always be able to see the time remaining in the Midterm Exam at the top right of the page. 5. Assessments with Multiple Pages Make sure you click the Save Answers button before advancing to the next page (we also suggest clicking on Save Answers while you are working). Complete all of the pages before submitting your Midterm Exam for instructor review. Do NOT use your browsers Back and Forward buttons during the Midterm Exam. Please use the provided links for navigation. 6. Submitting Your Midterm Exam When you are finished with the Midterm Exam, click on the Submit for Grade button. Please note: Once you click the Submit for Grade button, you will NOT be able to edit or change any of your answers. 7. Exam Questions There are 10 randomly selected multiple choice questions each worth 5 points for a total of 50 points. The Midterm Exam covers TCOs 1-4, 8, 11, and 12 and Weeks 1–5. The Midterm Exam contains two pages, which can be completed in any order. You may go back and forth between the pages. The Midterm Exam questions are pooled. This means that not everyone will have the same questions. Even if you do have some of the same questions, they may not be in the same order. These questions are distributed amongst the TCOs. The entire exam is worth 200 points. On the essay questions, your answers should be succinct, should fully address each part of the question, and should demonstrate your knowledge and understanding in a concise but complete answer. Most essay questions require answers that are a couple of paragraphs (not a couple of sentences) that directly speak to each part of the question. Some students opt to work on the essay questions first, due to their higher point value and the length of time needed to adequately address each question, but this is entirely your choice. Remember to always use proper citation when quoting other sources. This means that ANY borrowed material (even a short phrase) should be placed in quotation marks with the source (URL, author/date/page #) immediately following the end of the passage (the end quote). Changing a few words in a passage does NOT constitute putting it in your own words and proper citation is still required. Borrowed material should NOT dominate a student’s work, but should only be used sparingly to support your own thoughts, ideas, and examples. Heavy usage of borrowed material (even if properly cited) can jeopardize the points for that question. Uncited material can jeopardize a passing grade on the exam. As a part of our commitment to academic integrity, your work may be submitted to turnitin. An online plagiarism checking service. Please be VERY mindful of proper citation. 8. Some of the key study areas are below. Although these are key areas, remember that the exam is comprehensive for all of the assigned course content and that this study guide may not be all inclusive. TCO 1 Definitions of Technology and Science, the Three Technological Revolutions, Technological Systems, Week 1 Lecture, Week 1 Readings TCO 2 – Technology and Historical Change, the Industrial Revolution, Technologies in Different Cultural Contexts, Week 2 Lecture, Week 2 Readings TCO 3 – Technology and the Arts, Digital Technologies, Collaborative Technologies, Week 4 Lecture, Week 4 Reading TCO 4 – The Cultural Impact of Technologies (Computers, Cell Phones), Technologies as Artifacts and Ideas, the Social Shaping of Technology, Week 3 Lecture, Week 3 Readings TCO 8 The Industrial Revolution and the Steam Engine, Determinism and Its Critics, Week 2 Lecture, Week 2 Readings TCO 11 – Research Methods, Research Sources, Week 1 Tutorial TCO 12 Potential Impact of Emerging Technologies (GMOs, nanotechnology, robotics), Week 3 Lecture, Week 3 Readings 9. The readings from the first four weeks are emphasized in this exam. Please make sure that these are read and that you participate in the discussion of these readings. Areas that were discussed in the threads will be prime targets. 10. Assignments will also be prime targets for revi siting. 11. Reviewing the TCOs, which I have listed below for your convenience, will also be a great preparation for the Midterm Exam. 1 Given one or more examples of major technology development projects based on scientific theory, such as controlled heavier-than-air flight or the Manhattan Project or cloning, develop a definition of technology that includes a clarification of its relationship to science. 2 Given a historical turning point, such as the fall of the Roman Empire, the Crusades, the Protestant Reformation, the growth of cities, or the collapse of the Soviet Union, establish the role of technology in triggering the event and shaping its outcomes. Given an account of a stylistic trend in an art such as painting, music, literature, theater, or film, determine what technologies were involved and how they affected the evolution of the respective art. 4 Given examples of the widespread adoption of a technology that changes the culture of a society (e. g. , cars, computers, cell phones, etc. ), analyze the technology and the patterns of its adoption to identify the sources of the technologys influence. 8 Given a consequential technological invention, such as the printing press, the telephone, the automobile, the microchip, or the Internet, assess the cultural, economic, or social changes brought about by the invention. Given a process for defining and limiting a topic, participate in a research project as a member of a student team that investigates, formulates, and presents its analysis of (a) an issue associated with a technology, (b) the characteristics of the technologys development, (c) its present and likely future impact, and (d) the ethical or moral issues arising from the development or implementation of that technology. 12 Given an emerging technology, evaluate its future prospects by identifying the cultural and social factors that may prevent or promote its successful application. Finally, if you have any questions for me, please post them to our Q ; A Forum or e-mail me. Good luck on the exam!

Burnaston Vs Valenciennes, battle of the car plants. :: Economics

Burnaston Vs Valenciennes, battle of the car plants. Bosses at Toyota tonight face a difficult decision tonight at where to locate their new manufacturing plant. The options they have are either Burnaston in Derby where they have a well-established plant along with experience workers or the town of Valencieennes in northern France. Here at the financial Times we have had a debate about which one they should go for. Burnaston: There are many advantages of them expanding on this site. They have a well-established work force with skilled labourers and a lot of room for expansion. They produce a total of 200 000 cars a year which provide 5% of the U.K with Toyota cars. Unfortunately they will receive no government funding for the extra project, as Derby has a high level of employment. Also it is unlikely to lift the sales of Toyota cars in the U.K so they will be paying a lot out in transportation costs over to the EU. They have the benefit of experience on their side and the fact they would only be paying 10% tax for each employee where as in France it is 45% tax a considerable amount more and they wages would be higher. Valenciennes: The advantages of basing they new factory here are greater than in Derby. They would receive 10% of the total factory price from the government along with waiving some of the employment taxes for a fixed period of time and would provide training grants for workers, as Valenciennes is a town of high employment levels unlike Burnaston. They would have a new Green field site but would have no utilities so would have to lay them on. They would be close by to motorways and rail links to the rest of Europe and the channel tunnel where they would transport engines from Derby. The idea of opening a plant in France is to raise the amount of Toyotas in France from 1.1% to 5% of a few years as it would be easier to transport them around France. They would also hope to transport them around the continent, as they would be near to major European countries such as Germany, Belgium, Spain and Italy. This is an advantage on Burnaston, as it would cost more to transport to the other EU countries from there. We think that Toyota should build the new base in France for a variety of reasons. They would receive more government funding for building in France as they have high levels of unemployment so a large corporation would be welcomed. They would also receive grants for training, as the

Neighborhoods and Crime

This article, which consists of an examination of data gathered from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods, is aimed at gaining a complete picture of the neighborhood in Chicago. It is based on the spatial definition of neighborhood as â€Å"a collection of people and institutions occupying a subsection of a larger community.† The data gathered and the analysis based on such data are used to test the hypothesis that collective efficacy has a connection with reduced violence in neighborhoods. Collective efficacy refers to the social cohesion among people belonging to a neighborhood that is influenced by the willingness to act to promote the common good. The hypothesis was formulated based on the premise that crime rates vary in different neighborhoods, and such variation may be attributed to social and organizational characteristics extant in such social groupings. Moreover, it is assumed that there are factors at play other than those attributed to demographic characteristics of individuals. The article also makes use of two concepts of efficacy, namely, individual efficacy and neighborhood efficacy. It suggests that these two constructs are related in their similar means of activating processes such as social control, which encourage people to act in protection of the neighborhood’s well being. The question sought to be answered by the article revolves around the factors that influence collective efficacy. Again, this question has an assumption, which is that collective efficacy does not exist in a vacuum and is affected by various factors such as political economy and various contexts. Using a five-item Likert-type scale, subjects of the study were asked various questions about the social interaction observed within the neighborhood, such as whether there is a general feeling of trust in favor of neighbors or whether there is a likelihood of intervention in certain circumstances. On the other hand, violence was measured through questions about the frequency of occurrence of violent behavior and personal experience of violent incidents. Moreover, the survey measures were juxtaposed with independent records of violent incidents. After extensive analysis and presentation of data, the article concludes that collective efficacy may be measured at the neighborhood stage, mainly through the conduct of surveys. Moreover, neighborhood variation in collective efficacy is largely explained by three factors, namely, immigration concentration, concentrated disadvantage, and immigration concentration. In sum, the article was able to find data to prove its hypothesis that factors other than demographic characteristics of the individual residents of a neighborhood affect collective efficacy. Nevertheless, the article is quick to note that the study has inherent weaknesses, and suggests that further studies be conducted to explore other possibilities.

Principles of safeguarding and protection Essay

Principles of safeguarding and protection in health and social care SAFEGUARDING This booklet is designed to be used as a reminder and reference for people who work in the care profession The following are all types of abuse and their definition. Physical abuse: hitting, slapping, kicking. Sexual abuse: unwanted advances, indecent exposure, harassment of a sexual nature. Emotional/psychological abuse: intimidation, blaming. Financial abuse: misappropriation of monies/funds, not giving correct change. Institutional abuse: where a person is not treated as an individual. Neglect: inadequate care, denial of basic rights Physical Abuse †¢ Injuries that are the shape of objects. †¢ Injuries in a variety of stages or injuries that have not received medical attention. †¢ A person being taken to many different places to receive medical attention. †¢ Dehydration or unexplained weight changes or medication being lost. †¢ Behaviour that indicates that the person is afraid or avoiding the perpetrator. †¢ Change of behavior and personality. Sexual Abuse †¢ Sexually transmitted diseases or pregnancy. †¢ Tears or bruises in genital/anal areas. †¢ Soreness when sitting. †¢ Signs that someone is trying to take control of their body image, for example,anorexia, bulimia or self-harm. †¢ Sexualised behavior. †¢ Inappropriately dressed. Emotional Abuse †¢ Difficulty gaining access to the service user on their own. †¢ The adult not getting access to medical care or appointments with other agencies. †¢ Low self-esteem or lack of confidence and anxiety. †¢ Increased levels of confusion. †¢ Increased urinary or fecal incontinence. †¢ Sleep disturbance. †¢ The person feeling/acting as if they are being watched all of the time. †¢ Decreased ability to communicate. †¢ language being used that is not usual for the service user. †¢ Deference/submission to the perpetrator. Financial †¢ Sudden loss of assets. †¢ Unusual or inappropriate financial transactions. †¢ Visitors whose visits always coincide with the day a person’s benefits are cashed. †¢ Insufficient food in the house. Essential equipement not provided or removed †¢ Bills not being paid. †¢ A sense that the person is being tolerated in the house due to the income they bring in; sometimes with that person not included in the activities the rest of the family enjoys. Institutional †¢ treating adults like children. †¢ arbitrary decision making by staff group, service or organization. †¢ strict, regimented or inflexible routines or schedules for daily activities such as meal times, bed / awakening times, bathing / washing, going to the toilet. †¢ lack of choice or options, such as food and drink, dress, possessions, daily activities and social activities. †¢ lack of privacy, dignity, choice or respect for people as individuals. †¢ unsafe or unhygienic environment. †¢ lack of provision for dress, diet or religious observance in  accordance with an individual’s belief or cultural background. †¢ withdrawing people from individually valued community or family contact. Neglect by others (or self) †¢ Malnutrition. †¢ Rapid or continuous weight loss. †¢ Not having access to necessary physical aides. †¢ Inadequate or inappropriate clothing. †¢ Untreated medical problems. †¢ Dirty clothing/bedding. †¢ Lack of personal care. The correct course of action if you suspect an individual is being abused. If you suspect a service user in your care is being abused, you should report it immediately to your manager verbally and ensure the safety of the service user was paramount. Your manager has the responsibility to investigate and assess the suspicion of abuse. Your company policies and procedures should define what actions to take, and it is your responsibility to follow them, to ensure safety of your service users. All employees have a duty of care to report any concerns of abuse they have. These might include evidence or suspicions of bad practice by colleagues and managers (whistleblowing), or abuse by another service user, staff or their family and friends. The correct actions to take if an idividual tells you they are being abused. The key things to do when an individual discloses abuse is: Assume the person is telling the truth. Speak to them in a clam and sensitive way. Listen carefully and make sure you record what was said. If the person needs medical attention you would call the emergency service or call a doctor as appropriate, and inform your line manager immediately, or another senior person. If this is a criminal matter i.e. an alleged assault, rape or indecent exposure, call the police, if a senior was not on duty/available to do so. How to ensure that any evidence of abuse is kept safe It is important to record everything that has been said or disclosed, in the event of alleged abuse, include date/time, and sign it. This is because the information needs to be accurate, in case it is to be used in a legal investigation or proceedings. The written record should be stored in a secure place, for safety and to prevent others from seeing its content. If the alleged abuse is of sexual nature, it is advisable to ask the victim of abuse not to ‘wash’ themselves, or dispose of any clothing, as they may be contaminating/disposing vital evidence of the alleged abuse. This evidence could be used to convict the abuser, and uphold the allegation. The national policies that set out requirements for safeguarding individuals Safeguarding vulnerable adults’ policy. Protection of Vulnerable Adults. No Secrets. In Safe Hands. Organisational safeguarding policy. GSCC (General Social Care Council) Codes of Practice. Local and organisational systems for safeguarding Employer/organisational policies and procedures Multi-agency adult protection arrangements for a locality Local authority practice The roles of different agencies and professionals that are involved in safeguarding individuals Safeguarding Adults Board An interagency forum, which promotes the protection of vulnerable adults from abusive behavior and practice. Independent Safeguarding Authority Created to help prevent unsuitable people from working with children and  vulnerable adults, and work with: Criminal Records Bureau An agency which checks to see if people wishing to work with children or vulnerable adults have a criminal record. Sources of advice, support and information to help social care workers understand their own role in safeguarding Your employer has own policies relating to abuse, whistle blowing etc. Your line manager will help these and should be approached. These policies are my working documents as they inform my practice on how to meet my responsibilities whilst performing my role. However, there are local and national policies relating to abuse, which also have to be condered.

BUSINESS ETHICS essay

BUSINESS ETHICS essay BUSINESS ETHICS essay BUSINESS ETHICS essay1) What is the Categorical Imperative? How are the principles of Universalizability, Dignity of Persons, and the Kingdom of Ends derived from this Deontological Theory?  The categorical imperative is the concept introduced by E. Kant as a way to evaluate motivations for actions (). Kant stood on the ground that humans determine their actions by the categorical imperative which the philosopher viewed as the commandment of reason to act in certain way. In such a way, people could act morally or immorally (De George 71). While introducing the imperative Kant attempted to increase the objectivity of moral norms and principles and deter from utilitarian perspective on morality, which determined the morality of action by the principle of utility and common good. Instead, the imperative became the concept which admitted the presence of free will in individuals and the commandment of reason as the determinant factor that lead to moral or immoral actions undertaken by h umans. However, Kant went further in the development of his ideas concerning morality of actions and driving forces (De George 75). This is why he introduced the concept of the categorical imperative which was the absolute, unconditional requirement that asserts its requirement in all circumstances both required and justified as an end to itself. In such a way, unlike imperative, which may vary and depend on reasoning of individuals and different circumstances, the categorical imperative is absolute and unconditional that makes its the major criterion of morality that determines the morality of human actions.   At the same time, the concept of categorical imperative is grounded on the universal law or principle of universalizability that means that the categorical imperative is universal in its essence (De George 74). In terms of morality and ethic, this means that the categorical imperative is the core moral law which is unchangeable and unconditional whatever circumstances are. At the same time, the categorical imperative emerged within the framework of the deontological theory which held the premise that the morality of actions of the moral agent was determined by moral norms and principles on the ground of which this action was carried out. In this regard, the dignity of persons and kingdom of ends emerged as a part of the deontological theory and key concepts of this theory. The human dignity was the major value which determined the morality of actions since deontologists believed human dignity to be the major moral value that had to be respected unconditionally. The kingdom of ends rejected the utilitarian perspective implying that the ends justify means. Instead, deontologists insisted on the important of morality of actions and means to reach target ends debunking the superiority of ends over means.2) What is the distinction between causal responsibility and moral responsibility? What are, if any, the excusing conditions for moral responsibility? Wha t role do these excusing conditions play in terms of a) moral responsibility and b) moral accountability?The moral responsibility implies the responsibility of the moral agent for actions the agent carries out or inaction of the moral agent in accordance with one’s moral obligations. In contrast, the causal responsibility implies the responsibility not for the action, as is the case of the moral responsibility, but for the happening itself (De George 92). The moral agent should have the moral cause to act or not to act and causal responsibility implies the responsibility of the moral agent not for his/her actions but for the fact of happening of a sequence of actions triggered by certain cause.The moral responsibility is grounded on the morality of action or inaction that means that actions of individuals or moral agents should match existing moral norms and standards. The moral responsibility is the responsibility of the moral agent to respect existing moral norms and rules (De George 95). In such a situation, excuses to the moral responsibility may occur, when action or inaction of the moral agent had the moral excuse. In this regard, such a moral excuse is determinism which actually frees the moral agent of moral responsibility. In such a way, the moral agent can ignore his/her moral responsibility on the ground of determinism which make his/her actions useless if the outcome was determined by fate, for example. At the same time, if actions of the moral agent are immoral, he/she is considered to be morally accountable, regardless of determinism. Therefore, the excuse of the moral responsibility does not actually work in case of the moral accountability (De George 98). In such a way, the moral accountability should be distinguished from the moral responsibility since the moral accountability does not admit the excuse which is applicable to the moral responsibility. The distinction between moral responsibility and moral accountability is very important because it gives insight into the understanding of the difference in the morality of actions of individuals and their outcomes. Even though individuals can avoid the moral responsibility referring to determinism, they cannot escape from or avoid their moral accountability for their actions. At the same time, the moral responsibility has a considerable impact on actions of moral agents because the moral agent bears in mind moral implications of his/her actions since he/she is morally accountable. On the other hand, the moral agent can always refer to determinism to justify who he/she has failed to exercise his/her moral responsibility and committed immoral acts or admitted that immoral acts have been committed by others. In such a way, moral accountability being different from moral responsibility still correlate to each other because moral accountability is always present in human actions.BUSINESS ETHICS essay   part 2

Bead Bar System Development

Bead Bar System Development Free Online Research Papers This essay will concentrate on the interior composition of the Bead Bar. The Bead Bar is an establishment that permits its consumers to produce their own costume jewelry using gear such as wire, beads and string. Presently, there are three branches of the business composed of one studio, two franchises, and three bead Bars on Board. The role of the Bead Bar studio is to oversee the six Bead Bar studios that have 2 locations in New York City, Long Island Boston, Washington D.C. and the flagship in New Canaan, Connecticut. The franchise sector has the task of promoting beading supplies to stores that wish to open their own studio location. The franchise locations are located in Los Angeles, Kansas City, Chicago, Seattle, and Miami. The Bead Bar on Board is a moveable Bead Bar intended especially for cruise ships. The company is compiled of 15 full-time employees and 20 part-time employees. The Bead Bar has labored with their company due to lack of efficient tools. Officials at the Bead Bar made the choice to develop their business by getting mentors to assist them with making essential adjustments to the business. In previous years, good organization has been a dilemma for the reason that the systems that were in place did help them to take advantage of many needs. Since the Bead Bar has abundant locations all through the United States, a powerful networking system is imperative to preserve communication on the inside at each location for external communication with stores and area monopoly locations. Proposals will be made for the complex structural design of the Bead Bar, and the pros and cons will be weighed Background Computers are influential in operating the Bead Bar, due to the nature of the business. The Bead Bar is continuously processing request for supplies and totaling out consumer goods. When Bead Bar had a paper-based system, they encountered a high frequency of human error because they found it rather demanding to keep everything well structured. In order to get to the bottom of some of the concern, recommendations were made by consultants to purchase computer hardware, software, and database management systems. Currently, there are 2 notebook computers, 14 printers and 14 personal computers. The personal computers are equipped with standard keyboards. 17 CRT monitors, printers 2.8 MHz processor, 512.8 MB of RAM, CD-RW drives, and 80 GB hard drives. Each of the computers uses the Microsoft Windows XP Professional operating system. The Microsoft Office Productivity Suite was acquired for employees to do word processing, organize presentations, and spreadsheets. Some employees in sist upon one having access to Adobe PageMaker, QuickBooks, Interact Commerce Corporation’s Act! The Bead Bar operates on Oracle 9i database, which is a project database management system, intended to deal with the growing needs of the Bead Bar. As time moves forward, they are looking to arrange their records accurately through a network so their database can operate to its full capability. Recommendation Overview In order to operate a well-organized business, it is essential for the Bead Bar to have a mesh topology. The mesh topology would work well for the Bead Bar since this type of networking system is extremely consistent, and communicates information quick and efficiently. This particular layout would focus on the trepidations of the executives, and since the Bead Bar is spread throughout the United States, this blueprint would be the most cost-effective. According to questions tackled by executives at the Bead Bar, they would like network design and topology that would allow them to broadcast facts, and send data quickly, and if possible connect to other computers. The human resource manager stated concerns about the confidentiality of information. In this case a client-server would best benefit the Bead Bar. Network Topology The mesh topology would be the best fit for the Bead Bar. The Bead Bar has several offices throughout the United States and the mesh topology would afford a way for the franchise locations to communicate back and forth. The mesh network is perfect for a business that will have several system links. This network is highly dependable because there is no hub needed. The Bead Bar articulated clear apprehension about how fast data would travel between locations, so a mesh network would without doubt attend to this interest. This network runs well because each node connects directly to the other. The mesh topology is the most cost-effective topology fitting for the needs of the Bead Bar. Miriam, the Vice President of Marketing deems it necessary for all studios to be coupled so she can access information that will prove useful for sales and marketing strategies. Julia, the Chief Financial Officer voiced concerns in regard to the cost of the network. The mesh network would be the most appropriate network topology in provisions of meeting the standards of basic needs for the executives and it is also the most proficient topology that would meet their network specifications. Network Architecture The Bar must have a client-server architecture set up to facilitate their network. The client-server allocates computers, grant services, process requests, and act as a client. The server is an extremely powerful computer that is set up to handle multiple demands at the same time. The server is an indispensable source of memory, because it can function as a main foundation of all information storage that is pertinent to the operation of the Bead Bar. The server should be set up to share consumer data, and act as an effective storage unit. The client-server network architecture would prove to be more beneficial to the executives of the Bead Bar, thus proving useful for the Bead Bar. Some executives noted that they wanted the ability to transmit communication to the various branches of the company. There are some materials that the executives would like to keep hush-hush and maintain full control of the main source of data. All computers do not have to act as clients and servers based on the fact that there is no need for every employee to have access to company data. The significance of the company data would be sealed with the client-server network. Network Advantages and Drawbacks There are pros and cons to each network resolution, but suggestions were made based on cost-effectiveness and the basic networking needs of the Bead Bar. In order to meet the needs of Bead Bar and its various locations, a strong and consistent networking system is needed. The mesh topology is perfect for businesses with various locations because of the speed and competence of the network. Some executives expressed a preference for all computers to associate with each other, and the mesh network does fit that criteria. The server that is set up in this topology does not act as a hub, which in turn helps with the speed and success of transmissions. The mesh topology is the most cost-efficient topology that would meet the needs of the Bead Bar. The mesh topology is a good fit for the Bead Bar, and there are no drawbacks to this particular networking solution. The client-server design can be clarified as a divisive networking decision because it would regulate ease of access to company data. This proposal was based on compelling points made by some of the executives in respect to some possible security concerns that could affect the confidentiality of the company data. Some employees feel they should have access to all company data but that is not necessary. If a Bead Bar studio or franchise requires documents they do not have access to, they can send a request through the proper channels. The client-server database is suggested to protect the company overall. Based on all networking recommendations that have been made, the Bead Bar will be able to run their business more proficiently. With suitable networking, now the database can function accurately. The executives at the Bead Bar will be quite pleased once they see results from the changes; the business will grow as a direct result of an increased exchange of ideas because of the networking topology and architecture. Reference List Information Systems Technology, by Ross A. Malaga.Published by Prentice Hall. Copyright  © 2005 by Pearson Education Research Papers on Bead Bar System DevelopmentThe Project Managment Office SystemOpen Architechture a white paperMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductResearch Process Part One